Off Topic This Global Warming s...show

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The Norton Cat said:
I'm not sure that's right, the Romans introduced lots of new foods to Britain but I've never heard of rice being one of them. The Italians didn't start growing rice as far north as the Po Valley (where risotto rice comes from) until the 15th century.
You might be thinking of the Roman Warm Period, during which Europe was slightly warmer, but this, like the Little Ice Age of the medieval and post-medieval periods, was just a localised deviation in temperatures. It wasn't a global increase in temperature, so didn't cause the problems that current global warming does or will.
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Syrian Archers based in Chester-le-Street County Durham brought with them many plants to cultivate amongst them they introduced over 50 new kinds of food plants: fruits such as fig, grape, apple, pear, cherry, plum, damson, mulberry, date and olive; vegetables such as cucumber and celery; nuts, seeds and pulses such as lentil, rice, pine nut, almond, walnut and sesame; and herbs and spices including coriander, dill and fennel. Many of these were then successfully grown in Britain.
 
Makemstine Roger said:
In his book The End of Roman Britain, Michael Jones has a chapter on the changing climate of fifth-century Britain. Tacitus writes in Agricola that the soil in Britain is fertile and that crops grow quickly there, but also that they ripen slowly because of the heavy rainfall and dampness of the soil. During the Roman era, the climate in Britain generally was favorable for agriculture, although much of the land, especially in the highlands, was only marginally so.

From the second through the fourth centuries, the population of Roman Britain has been estimated to be approximately 3.5 million people. Jones contends that feeding this number would have put considerable strain on the ecology. Fifty or sixty thousand cultivated acres, alone, would have been required to feed the approximately 50,000 soldiers stationed in Britain in the first century AD. There were other environmental demands, as well, including fodder for military animals and quantities of iron, wood, and leather for construction, roads, and tents.

The native Britons would have been hard pressed to pay the cost of sustaining such a presence. A growing population, urbanization, and the demands of the Roman army and government would all have intensified agriculture and grazing in previously undeveloped areas. In time, he argues, this over-utilization of the land would prove to be disastrous.

Rice was known to European people as early as in the Roman period, when rice was also used as a medicinal herb.
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I'm not disagreeing with any of the first part of that Rog and you're right, the Romans did see it as a medicinal herb. But I do this for a living and I've never heard of rice being grown in Roman Britain.
Deposits of rice have been found in Roman settlements north of the alps in Germany and Switzerland but its considered that these must have been imports from the Mediterranean or Middle East (Muthukamaran, S. 2014, Between Archaeology and Text: The Origins of Rice Consumption and Cultivation in the Middle East and the Mediterranean. Papers from the Institute of Archaeology 24 (1)). Perfectly willing to accept if I'm wrong but I can't find any academic literature detailing rice cultivation in Roman Britain.
 
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Makemstine Roger said:
Syrian Archers based in Chester-le-Street County Durham brought with them many plants to cultivate amongst them they introduced over 50 new kinds of food plants: fruits such as fig, grape, apple, pear, cherry, plum, damson, mulberry, date and olive; vegetables such as cucumber and celery; nuts, seeds and pulses such as lentil, rice, pine nut, almond, walnut and sesame; and herbs and spices including coriander, dill and fennel. Many of these were then successfully grown in Britain.
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Where's this information from? Bear in mind, that it says many of them, not all of them, were successfully grown in Britain, which is undoubtedly true- many of those species grow in Britain now, but many others don't. The other thing with rice is that the terraces and banks required to form the paddy fields would leave some kind of archaeological trace and if some had been recorded they would be fairly common knowledge.
 
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The Norton Cat said:
Where's this information from? Bear in mind, that it says many of them, not all of them, were successfully grown in Britain, which is undoubtedly true- many of those species grow in Britain now, but many others don't. The other thing with rice is that the terraces and banks required to form the paddy fields would leave some kind of archaeological trace and if some had been recorded they would be fairly common knowledge.
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the paddy fields were noticed by archaeologists studying roman forts from the air identified the paddy fields, whilst looking for mounds and field outlines of roman villas, there are references in the Sunderland Museum and library
 
Makemstine Roger said:
the paddy fields were noticed by archaeologists studying roman forts from the air identified the paddy fields, whilst looking for mounds and field outlines of roman villas, there are references in the Sunderland Museum and library
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Can you provide me with a link or a reference then Rog? Because I've checked the Historic England, Co Durham, and Tyne and Wear databases that list all known archaeological sites and I can't find anything on there that indicates the presence of paddy fields in the Chester-le-Street area. Its really interesting if there are some because it means that the levels of humidity that would have been present in the area must have been very different to what they are now, even allowing for the Roman Warm Period. I've definitely never come across evidence for rice cultivation in the fens, where I do a lot of my work, and you would think that would be a more suitable environment.
 
i still say a lot of todays problems could have been avoided had we started to 'help' the environment 50 years ago, various fuels have been tried and tested to be a damn sight greener, some are emissions free yet the pure greed of the big companies kept using the worst of them all.

some of us could see the damage being caused due to deforestation but the big companies saw profit...they were/are still finding plants that could be beneficial to mankind, no one knows how many have been lost forever.

it is no coincidence that the group who control it all are also the richest in the world.
 
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The Norton Cat said:
I'm not disagreeing with any of the first part of that Rog and you're right, the Romans did see it as a medicinal herb. But I do this for a living and I've never heard of rice being grown in Roman Britain.
Deposits of rice have been found in Roman settlements north of the alps in Germany and Switzerland but its considered that these must have been imports from the Mediterranean or Middle East (Muthukamaran, S. 2014, Between Archaeology and Text: The Origins of Rice Consumption and Cultivation in the Middle East and the Mediterranean. Papers from the Institute of Archaeology 24 (1)). Perfectly willing to accept if I'm wrong but I can't find any academic literature detailing rice cultivation in Roman Britain.
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however it was the Syrians and not the Romans who had the rice,you must be looking only at Rome, It was Syrian archers who were stationed there along with soldiers from Thrace in the warm and wet climate in Britain in that period it was ideal for rice growing, they also brought Rabbits for meat as they breed fast and take less to feed, There has been shows on look north about it
The Norton Cat said:
Can you provide me with a link or a reference then Rog? Because I've checked the Historic England, Co Durham, and Tyne and Wear databases that list all known archaeological sites and I can't find anything on there that indicates the presence of paddy fields in the Chester-le-Street area. Its really interesting if there are some because it means that the levels of humidity that would have been present in the area must have been very different to what they are now, even allowing for the Roman Warm Period. I've definitely never come across evidence for rice cultivation in the fens, where I do a lot of my work, and you would think that would be a more suitable environment.
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mate i was interested years ago around 1978,they were on about the paddyfields being destroyed for housing estates and some things stick in your mind , you asked i checked and found the info easy, there is a whole load of it in Newcastle and Sunderland museum there was even display at one time, Im not an academic but suggest your looking in the wrong place and need to go local into the forts information
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Wikipedia
UK-OSNG reference: NZ270512
History[edit]
The Roman fort of Concangis is located east of the forts of Longovicium (Lanchester) and Vindomora (Ebchester) and 8 miles (13 km) south from Pons Aelius (Newcastle upon Tyne). It is east of the main Roman road of Dere Street that connected other forts near to Hadrian's Wall and beyond to Eboracum (York), and is situated close to Cade's Road which was speculated to have run from Eboracum to Pons Aelius.[3][4] It is also speculated that Concangis may have been linked to Dere Street via a branch road heading west connecting to Longovicium (situated on Dere Street), but this has yet to be confirmed. The discovery by Raymond Selkirk of an abutment on the Cong Burn stream suggests that a bridge had been built there and had connected this fort with the one at Vindomora (Ebchester) to the west.

Concangis is listed on both the 4th/5th-century Notitia Dignitatum and the 7th-century Ravenna Cosmography.

The fort is situated on a high bluff, overlooking the valleys of the Wear to the east and the Cong Burn to the north, hence the fort is in the sort of position frequently favoured by Roman military surveyors. The road north to Pons Aelius passes west of the fort and made monitoring of traffic easy. The fort covered roughly six and a half acres, and was built first in turf and timber probably in the 70s AD by the Legio VIIII Hispana (Ninth Hispanic Legion), and later in stone by the Legio II Augusta (the Second Augustan Legion), probably during the early 2nd century, coinciding with the construction of Hadrian's Wall, which was also built in part by Legio II.[4]

Excavations were carried out in 1978 and in 1990/1991. Unfortunately much of the fort is located beneath the town of Chester-le-Street so little remains to be seen, except for a portion of the excavated officer's quarters left on display. Finds included pottery, fine table wares, coins, animal bones, a cheese press and curiously even a tile with a dog's footprint on it.[5] Altars found range from ones dedicated to the war god Mars and the sun god Apollo, to ones to Celtic and German gods such as Digenis and Vitiris. The large (3 out of 8) number of altars dedicated to patron deities concerned with the wellbeing of veteran soldiers would seem to suggest the inhabitants of Concangis had a high proportion of ex-military men. Two large stones in a buttress of the parish church of St Mary and St Cuthbert have lewis holes for lifting, which strongly suggest they were recycled from the Roman fort.[6]
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Makemstine Roger said:
however it was the Syrians and not the Romans who had the rice,you must be looking only at Rome, It was Syrian archers who were stationed there along with soldiers from Thrace in the warm and wet climate in Britain in that period it was ideal for rice growing, they also brought Rabbits for meat as they breed fast and take less to feed, There has been shows on look north about it

mate i was interested years ago, and some things stick in your mind , you asked i checked and found the info easy, there is a whole load of it in Newcastle and Sunderland museum there was even display at one time, Im not an academic but suggest your looking in the wrong place and need to go local into the forts information
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Wikipedia
UK-OSNG reference: NZ270512
History[edit]
The Roman fort of Concangis is located east of the forts of Longovicium (Lanchester) and Vindomora (Ebchester) and 8 miles (13 km) south from Pons Aelius (Newcastle upon Tyne). It is east of the main Roman road of Dere Street that connected other forts near to Hadrian's Wall and beyond to Eboracum (York), and is situated close to Cade's Road which was speculated to have run from Eboracum to Pons Aelius.[3][4] It is also speculated that Concangis may have been linked to Dere Street via a branch road heading west connecting to Longovicium (situated on Dere Street), but this has yet to be confirmed. The discovery by Raymond Selkirk of an abutment on the Cong Burn stream suggests that a bridge had been built there and had connected this fort with the one at Vindomora (Ebchester) to the west.

Concangis is listed on both the 4th/5th-century Notitia Dignitatum and the 7th-century Ravenna Cosmography.

The fort is situated on a high bluff, overlooking the valleys of the Wear to the east and the Cong Burn to the north, hence the fort is in the sort of position frequently favoured by Roman military surveyors. The road north to Pons Aelius passes west of the fort and made monitoring of traffic easy. The fort covered roughly six and a half acres, and was built first in turf and timber probably in the 70s AD by the Legio VIIII Hispana (Ninth Hispanic Legion), and later in stone by the Legio II Augusta (the Second Augustan Legion), probably during the early 2nd century, coinciding with the construction of Hadrian's Wall, which was also built in part by Legio II.[4]

Excavations were carried out in 1978 and in 1990/1991. Unfortunately much of the fort is located beneath the town of Chester-le-Street so little remains to be seen, except for a portion of the excavated officer's quarters left on display. Finds included pottery, fine table wares, coins, animal bones, a cheese press and curiously even a tile with a dog's footprint on it.[5] Altars found range from ones dedicated to the war god Mars and the sun god Apollo, to ones to Celtic and German gods such as Digenis and Vitiris. The large (3 out of 8) number of altars dedicated to patron deities concerned with the wellbeing of veteran soldiers would seem to suggest the inhabitants of Concangis had a high proportion of ex-military men. Two large stones in a buttress of the parish church of St Mary and St Cuthbert have lewis holes for lifting, which strongly suggest they were recycled from the Roman fort.[6]
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The databases don't distinguish between cultural differences, only dates. So anything that happened in the Romano-British period (43-410 AD) will be recorded, no matter if it was people from Rome or people from Syria that did it.

I know Chester-le-Street was a Roman settlement but unless I'm being daft, there's nothing there talking about rice or paddy fields.
 
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The Norton Cat said:
The databases don't distinguish between cultural differences, only dates. So anything that happened in the Romano-British period (43-410 AD) will be recorded, no matter if it was people from Rome or people from Syria that did it.

I know Chester-le-Street was a Roman settlement but unless I'm being daft, there's nothing there talking about rice or paddy fields.
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mate no disrespect to you but a lot is from memory, i am not a researcher have you researched Syrian archers i have put up enough info just from the google i checked, you have not checked the sources i gave you look, into Look North archives its on video of the helicopter showing the outlines of the fields, and i have had enough of this now, believe it or don't its no skin off my nose, but im not going to delve any deeper, i know what i learnt, look around 1978
 
Well in Norfolk with the g'kids... did a great job of packing... except left mobile at home. Son posted it.

Now what this about global warming... the effects of it can be seen all over the world.

At Sea Palling, a North Sea Storm flooded the village in 1953... now they had build Sea defences, but apparently when they finally disintegrate... thats it the Sea takes over.
 
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Worst PM ever imo. He's got blood on his hands over the decisions he has presided over during this pandemic and couldnt run a ****ing bath let alone a Country. The bloke is an absolute mess and has made this Country a laughing stock.

He doesn't give a flying **** though.
 
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big fat tory arsehole never done a days proper work in his life put through Eton and oxford because of his father's wealth then placed in jobs his intellect didn't deserve, hope he dies destitute the utter twat like his rich poncy mates
thank you and goodnight
 
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It was a joke and he's got everybody biting. Everybody knows that Labour are responsible for closing more than double the amount of mines than Thatcher.

Folk are way to easily wound up by a few light hearted words by Bojo imo
 
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