Off Topic The Politics Thread

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If anyone want to know why the police aren't moving the idiots sitting on major roads, causing an increased risk of violence from a frustrated public trying to go about their daily business, it's because of the European Convention on Human Rights.

This is a good article:


The police should use their powers
They have the right to remove protestors from roads

Artillery Row
13 October, 2022

Tony Dowson

  • It is a source of irritation, to many people, that protesters can sit in the middle of traffic on major roads, holding up countless cars, lorries, buses, trucks and emergency vehicles, whilst the police look on, seemingly not perturbed enough by the conduct to swiftly intervene.

    Just Stop Oil has continued its latest spree of disruption in the capital over the last week, demanding that the government immediately cease granting licences for the exploration and production of fossil fuels in the UK. This follows similar protests from the group Insulate Britain in 2021, which blocked the M25, the major 117-mile-long motorway encircling Greater London, and from Extinction Rebellion in 2019. All the protests follow the theme that the environment is in peril and that causing mass disruption is justified to force the government to act.

    Ambulances and fire engines were blocked and delayed

    In the more recent cases, it has taken considerable time before the police arrested those causing serious obstruction — even though, with Just Stop Oil on 11 October, ambulances and fire engines were blocked and delayed in the road.

    One of the reasons for those delays is the understandable issue with protesters using glue to attach themselves to each other and to the ground. Yet, that is not the only reason. Officers at the scene said that arrests were not being made because they had “things we have to do first”. An officer online cited recent case law, explaining that human rights should come into consideration. This is in reference to the UK Supreme Court (UKSC) judgment in DPP v Ziegler. The defendants in that case had been charged with obstruction of the highway contrary to section 137 of the Highways Act 1980. They had attempted to obstruct the Defence and Security Equipment International arms fair by lying down on one side of a dual carriageway approach road leading to the Excel Centre, where the fair was being held.

    Human rights protection was raised in the judgment. The UKSC observed that the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) had found in Kudrevičiusv Lithuania that disruption to traffic by protesters had engaged article 11 (to freedom of assembly) of the European Convention on Human Rights (the Convention). Article 11 is a qualified right under the Convention, meaning that interference is permissible if it is prescribed by law and necessary in a democratic society in pursuit of legitimate aims. The ECtHR remarked in Kudrevičius that serious disruption was not at the core of the freedom under article 11 and that Lithuania had not violated the applicants’ rights since:

    … the almost complete obstruction of three major highways in blatant disregard of police orders and of the needs and rights of the road users constituted conduct which, even though less serious than recourse to physical violence, can be described as “reprehensible”.

    However, as rights were engaged, the UKSC was of the view that Kudrevičius had established that a “careful analysis” of proportionality was required. Lords Hamblen and Stephens noted of the rights to protest that we should expect:

    … a certain degree of tolerance to disruption to ordinary life, including disruption of traffic, caused by the exercise of the right to freedom of expression or freedom of peaceful assembly.

    According to the UKSC, then, even in the event that obstruction is more than minimal, a factfinder should undertake a fact-specific proportionality exercise, taking into account articles 10 (freedom of expression) and 11 under the Convention before convicting the defendants. Such rights were interpreted into the “lawful excuse” element of section 137 pursuant to section 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998. In making the assessment, the factfinder should consider the following non-exhaustive list of factors: (1) the nature and extent of any potential breach of domestic law; (2) whether the views giving rise to the protest relate to very important issues; (3) the importance of the location; (4) the extent to which the protest would interfere with the rights of others; (5) the likely duration of the protest; (6) prior notification to, and cooperation with, the police; and (7) the nature of any precautions proposed or considered. It should also be considered whether protestors “believed in the views they were expressing”.

    Some drivers have decided to move protesters themselves

    Although the case was decided in respect of the conviction of the defendants, the UKSC said that arrest, charge, prosecution and conviction all constitute restrictions within the Convention. This explains, then, why the police have modified their behaviour in respect of protesters blocking roads. More recently, the case of Leigh v The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis may explain further caution by the police. The claimants were part of a group called ReclaimTheseStreets, which sought to hold a vigil for Sarah Everard, who had been abducted and murdered by a police officer, in a protest against violence towards women. The High Court found that statements made by the police dissuading the claimants from undertaking the vigil, due to the fact that Covid restrictions were in place, were unlawful because Ziegler and the later case R (Dolan) v Secretary of State for Health and Social Care had not been properly taken into account. The “reasonable excuse” in the Covid regulations should have included the right to assembly, as the “lawful excuse” in Ziegler had.

    That caution, however, appears to be excessive. In the ECtHR judgments cited in Ziegler, the interferences with articles 10 and 11 were proportionate. In Kudrevičius, the obstruction was described by the ECtHR as “reprehensible”. In Steel v United Kingdom, police action to stop the obstruction of a grouse shoot by removal and detention of protesters was proportionate. So, whilst the police should take into account proportionality according to the facts of arrest, the ECtHR itself has not considered action against protesters in similar circumstances to be disproportionate.

    Even if a conviction is later determined to be disproportionate, the UKSC observed that an arrest may still be proportionate:

    It may have looked one way at the time to the police (on which basis their actions could be proportionate) but at trial the facts established may be different (and on that basis the interference involved in a conviction could be disproportionate).

    It is obvious that the criminal standard of conviction, beyond reasonable doubt, is quite different to the standard required for arrest. The standard for arrest under section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 is “reasonable grounds for suspecting” that an offence is taking place or is about to take place. Under section 24(5)(c)(v) obstruction of the highway is one factor where an arrest without warrant is necessary. An assessment as to proportionality should take place as part of this, but it need not be burdensome. The reason why the claimants in Leigh established unlawfulness was because the approach of the police was incorrect — not giving a proper indication that the right to assembly should be read into the “reasonable excuse” element of the Covid regulations. In circumstances where serious disruption of the highway is taking place, the task of the police is straightforward. Of course, they should undertake an assessment on the facts, but the facts are often clear. Serious obstruction to the roads interfere with the rights of others, and a balancing of rights should not be time-consuming in light of that.

    The degree of caution to arrest is unjustified, then. The obstruction should not be prolonged needlessly. Emergency vehicles have been delayed. The financial impact has been considerable. The Insulate Britain protests on the M25 cost drivers an estimated £500,000, without even taking into account later effects on businesses. Some drivers, in frustration, have decided to move protesters themselves. Some have driven directly towards protesters at slow speeds in an effort to prevent the obstruction. If the police do not act as promptly as the law allows, more serious violence is a dangerous possibility.
Did you actually read this?

It’s a detailed description of examples of application of ECHR principles around the right to protest. It makes it very clear that the right to free assembly to protest is a qualified right and does not include major disruption to other citizens. The Court itself has upheld the actions of several police forces in breaking up demonstrations.

The issue appears to be a very cautious interpretation of the Convention by British police and the U.K. Supreme Court and an insistence of multiple analyses before taking action. I don’t know what this Tony Dowson bloke was thinking when he adding his opening para to something which looks cut and pasted from a law journal and which doesn’t support his premise in the slightest. I note he doesn’t mention the incredible force used by gendarmes during the gilets jaunes protests - the French obviously chose not to do a legal risk assessment before acting, even though they are also signatories to the ECHR.

Lets go to the source material:
Article 11 – Freedom of assembly and association

  1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.
  2. No restrictions shall be placed on the exercise of these rights other than such as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. This article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on the exercise of these rights by members of the armed forces, of the police or of the administration of the State.

Strikes me that para 2 gives the police plenty of scope to stop people endangering others by glueing themselves to roads, bridges etc. They just choose not to use their powers in this country for some reason.

Is there anything in Article 11 that you object to Goldie?

Shame, The Critic, from which this piece is culled (or at least it’s Artillery Row column) is meant to be the cream of conservative intellectual writing. But not fact checking.
 
Did you actually read this?

It’s a detailed description of examples of application of ECHR principles around the right to protest. It makes it very clear that the right to free assembly to protest is a qualified right and does not include major disruption to other citizens. The Court itself has upheld the actions of several police forces in breaking up demonstrations.

The issue appears to be a very cautious interpretation of the Convention by British police and the U.K. Supreme Court and an insistence of multiple analyses before taking action. I don’t know what this Tony Dowson bloke was thinking when he adding his opening para to something which looks cut and pasted from a law journal and which doesn’t support his premise in the slightest. I note he doesn’t mention the incredible force used by gendarmes during the gilets jaunes protests - the French obviously chose not to do a legal risk assessment before acting, even though they are also signatories to the ECHR.

Lets go to the source material:
Article 11 – Freedom of assembly and association

  1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.
  2. No restrictions shall be placed on the exercise of these rights other than such as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. This article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on the exercise of these rights by members of the armed forces, of the police or of the administration of the State.

Strikes me that para 2 gives the police plenty of scope to stop people endangering others by glueing themselves to roads, bridges etc. They just choose not to use their powers in this country for some reason.

Is there anything in Article 11 that you object to Goldie?

Shame, The Critic, from which this piece is culled (or at least it’s Artillery Row column) is meant to be the cream of conservative intellectual writing. But not fact checking.

I did read it. I have no problem with the wording of Articles 10 or 11, but this problem we're facing has its roots in the Lithuanian case before the European Court of Human Rights which held that protesters' interference with traffic was lawful.

For me, that is wrong. Then our Supreme Court used that case in Ziegler to make lawful the disruption of traffic by protesters. So, wrong again.

Finally, we have our lily-livered police taking things even further, and making sure protesters sitting on main roads stopping people going about their lawful business are comfortable and feedng them water if their hands are glued to the road, to keep them well hydrated. ****ING HELL!

You make a good point about how the Gilet Jeunes were treated, Stan, which just shows the different levels of interpretation of these Articles in various European countries. Suella Braverman is bringing in legislation (Public Order Bill) which hopefully will make Zieglar redundant and then the police will do their job and enforce existing traffic laws.
 
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Note this line - Cdr Findlay added that officers in the UK were not allowed to physically remove protesters, in the same way they are in some other countries.


"BBC
The Met Police has said it is using its full powers to manage ongoing protests by environmentalists in central London.


For the last 14 days, Just Stop Oil demonstrators have caused delays and disruption at various locations by blocking roads and junctions.

Earlier this week, video footage emerged of a fire engine being blocked by a demonstration in Knightsbridge.

Cdr Karen Findlay said officers were "absolutely" using all powers to remove and penalise those who broke the law.

The commander, who is in charge of major operations and public order, told the BBC some media reports had led people to believe that officers were being too slow to respond, but she insisted "that's not the case".

"When we get there (to a protest) we've got to assess each case on an individual basis, look at the circumstances, look at the behaviour of the protesters, absolutely ask them to move, and if they don't move, then we've got to make sure we've got the points to prove for the offence of wilful obstruction of the highway or alternatively criminal damage," she said.

You must log in or register to see images

Image caption,
Cdr Karen Findlay said the Met had to balance the right to protest with upkeeping the law
Cdr Findlay added that officers in the UK were not allowed to physically remove protesters, in the same way they are in some other countries.

"We've got a duty to facilitate protests. We've also got a positive duty to make sure protesters are kept safe, as much as we have got to balance keeping the community running, our bus services running, and making sure that Londoners can get to their work and go about their everyday business," she said.

Just Stop Oil protesters have been demanding that the government halts all new oil and gas licences and consents.

On Wednesday, emergency fire crews were unable to get through a junction in Knightsbridge for a period of time due to a protest, something which Home Secretary Suella Braverman described as "indefensible".

Twenty demonstrators were also removed and arrested on Thursday after creating a road block at St George's Circus.

On Friday afternoon, a group of 24 activists were arrested after orange paint was sprayed on a sign at New Scotland Yard, the Met's headquarters.

You must log in or register to see images
Image source, PA Media
Image caption,
Emergency crews on blue lights became stuck between two roads blocks in Knightsbridge on Wednesday
More than 370 arrests have been made and over 7,000 officers' days have been spent on the protests in the last fortnight, creating a drain on resources, Cdr Findlay said.

"We are taking officers away from the boroughs, the local neighbourhoods and being able to focus on things like reducing violent crime, reducing knife crime, safeguarding priorities or the things the Met wants to be delivering for London."

Last year, the Police, Crime and Sentencing Act came into force, giving police greater powers to impose certain conditions on protests.

The Public Order Bill, currently going through Parliament, is expected to give police further powers.

The Home Office has said the right of people to peacefully protest will not be affected."
 
According to sky news, the majority of Tory party members want Truss to resign and Johnson to come back.......erm...is the same majority who voted for Truss in the first place? Its difficult to take these lot seriously.
 
I did read it. I have no problem with the wording of Articles 10 or 11, but this problem we're facing has its roots in the Lithuanian case before the European Court of Human Rights which held that protesters' interference with traffic was lawful.

For me, that is wrong. Then our Supreme Court used that case in Ziegler to make lawful the disruption of traffic by protesters. So, wrong again.

Finally, we have our lily-livered police taking things even further, and making sure protesters sitting on main roads stopping people going about their lawful business are comfortable and feedng them water if their hands are glued to the road, to keep them well hydrated. ****ING HELL!

You make a good point about how the Gilet Jeunes were treated, Stan, which just shows the different levels of interpretation of these Articles in various European countries. Suella Braverman is bringing in legislation (Public Order Bill) which hopefully will make Zieglar redundant and then the police will do their job and enforce existing traffic laws.
I am really confused now. Cut and pasted from the article up you posted:

“The ECtHR remarked in Kudrevičius that serious disruption was not at the core of the freedom under article 11 and that Lithuania had not violated the applicants’ rights since:

… the almost complete obstruction of three major highways in blatant disregard of police orders and of the needs and rights of the road users constituted conduct which, even though less serious than recourse to physical violence, can be described as “reprehensible”.

I can’t see any way to interpret this other than the European Court of Human Rights upheld the Lithuanian police action. It’s got nothing to do with the ECHR if our own authorities feel that they have to use excessive caution in a way that other signatories to the Convention don’t. So why post an article that explicitly blames the ECHR for something which is clearly nothing to do with it? Could it be your prejudice against all things European got the better of you?
Note this line - Cdr Findlay added that officers in the UK were not allowed to physically remove protesters, in the same way they are in some other countries.


"BBC
The Met Police has said it is using its full powers to manage ongoing protests by environmentalists in central London.


For the last 14 days, Just Stop Oil demonstrators have caused delays and disruption at various locations by blocking roads and junctions.

Earlier this week, video footage emerged of a fire engine being blocked by a demonstration in Knightsbridge.

Cdr Karen Findlay said officers were "absolutely" using all powers to remove and penalise those who broke the law.

The commander, who is in charge of major operations and public order, told the BBC some media reports had led people to believe that officers were being too slow to respond, but she insisted "that's not the case".

"When we get there (to a protest) we've got to assess each case on an individual basis, look at the circumstances, look at the behaviour of the protesters, absolutely ask them to move, and if they don't move, then we've got to make sure we've got the points to prove for the offence of wilful obstruction of the highway or alternatively criminal damage," she said.

You must log in or register to see images

Image caption,
Cdr Karen Findlay said the Met had to balance the right to protest with upkeeping the law
Cdr Findlay added that officers in the UK were not allowed to physically remove protesters, in the same way they are in some other countries.

"We've got a duty to facilitate protests. We've also got a positive duty to make sure protesters are kept safe, as much as we have got to balance keeping the community running, our bus services running, and making sure that Londoners can get to their work and go about their everyday business," she said.

Just Stop Oil protesters have been demanding that the government halts all new oil and gas licences and consents.

On Wednesday, emergency fire crews were unable to get through a junction in Knightsbridge for a period of time due to a protest, something which Home Secretary Suella Braverman described as "indefensible".

Twenty demonstrators were also removed and arrested on Thursday after creating a road block at St George's Circus.

On Friday afternoon, a group of 24 activists were arrested after orange paint was sprayed on a sign at New Scotland Yard, the Met's headquarters.

You must log in or register to see images
Image source, PA Media
Image caption,
Emergency crews on blue lights became stuck between two roads blocks in Knightsbridge on Wednesday
More than 370 arrests have been made and over 7,000 officers' days have been spent on the protests in the last fortnight, creating a drain on resources, Cdr Findlay said.

"We are taking officers away from the boroughs, the local neighbourhoods and being able to focus on things like reducing violent crime, reducing knife crime, safeguarding priorities or the things the Met wants to be delivering for London."

Last year, the Police, Crime and Sentencing Act came into force, giving police greater powers to impose certain conditions on protests.

The Public Order Bill, currently going through Parliament, is expected to give police further powers.

The Home Office has said the right of people to peacefully protest will not be affected."
I notice this one doesn’t blame foreigners for the police inaction. Why can’t they act in the same way as in other countries? Presumably because British laws and regulations prevent them from doing so. Looks like we are exercising our sovereignty and daring to be different!
 
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According to sky news, the majority of Tory party members want Truss to resign and Johnson to come back.......erm...is the same majority who voted for Truss in the first place? Its difficult to take these lot seriously.

Letting a small number of mortgage-free, Express-reading pensioners decide who gets to run the country might not be a great idea in hindsight.
 
Where are all these idiot mps who were doing the rounds calling everyone who knew the mini budget was a **** up, the anti growth coalition. Talk about egg on your face!!!
 
I am really confused now. Cut and pasted from the article up you posted:

“The ECtHR remarked in Kudrevičius that serious disruption was not at the core of the freedom under article 11 and that Lithuania had not violated the applicants’ rights since:

… the almost complete obstruction of three major highways in blatant disregard of police orders and of the needs and rights of the road users constituted conduct which, even though less serious than recourse to physical violence, can be described as “reprehensible”.

I can’t see any way to interpret this other than the European Court of Human Rights upheld the Lithuanian police action. It’s got nothing to do with the ECHR if our own authorities feel that they have to use excessive caution in a way that other signatories to the Convention don’t. So why post an article that explicitly blames the ECHR for something which is clearly nothing to do with it? Could it be your prejudice against all things European got the better of you?

I notice this one doesn’t blame foreigners for the police inaction. Why can’t they act in the same way as in other countries? Presumably because British laws and regulations prevent them from doing so. Looks like we are exercising our sovereignty and daring to be different!

This is the part that's damaging (my underlining):

"The UK Supreme Court observed that the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) had found in Kudrevičiusv Lithuania that disruption to traffic by protesters had engaged article 11 (to freedom of assembly) of the European Convention on Human Rights (the Convention). Article 11 is a qualified right under the Convention, meaning that interference is permissible if it is prescribed by law and necessary in a democratic society in pursuit of legitimate aims."

Personally, I don't believe that the right to protest should allow interference with other people's right to use the roads. It's a recipe for boiling over and violence. One woman has already lost her driving licence when she was trying to take her child to school.

As to UK police enforcement, I think the Old Bill are scared of the Supreme Court's ruling in Ziegler.
 
This is the part that's damaging (my underlining):

"The UK Supreme Court observed that the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) had found in Kudrevičiusv Lithuania that disruption to traffic by protesters had engaged article 11 (to freedom of assembly) of the European Convention on Human Rights (the Convention). Article 11 is a qualified right under the Convention, meaning that interference is permissible if it is prescribed by law and necessary in a democratic society in pursuit of legitimate aims."

Personally, I don't believe that the right to protest should allow interference with other people's right to use the roads. It's a recipe for boiling over and violence. One woman has already lost her driving licence when she was trying to take her child to school.

As to UK police enforcement, I think the Old Bill are scared of the Supreme Court's ruling in Ziegler.
Here’s where you started this little exchange:

If anyone want to know why the police aren't moving the idiots sitting on major roads, causing an increased risk of violence from a frustrated public trying to go about their daily business, it's because of the European Convention on Human Rights. Post #79859

Now you appear to be agreeing with me that the problem is the U.K. interpretation of European Court of Human Rights decisions, not the decisions themselves, or the Convention itself, which other countries seem to be able to interpret in such a way so as to allow them to break up demonstrations (quite forcibly sometimes). Hey, dialectic works! I suggest you delete that line from the original post, to avoid confusion.

I seem to remember that the police didn’t hold back so much when breaking up the protest of women on Clapham Common after the murder of Sarah Everard by a serving policeman. Perhaps they are all too busy trying to identify themselves in Baroness Casey’s depressing report on the Met to do much about green protesters at the moment.
 
Here’s where you started this little exchange:

If anyone want to know why the police aren't moving the idiots sitting on major roads, causing an increased risk of violence from a frustrated public trying to go about their daily business, it's because of the European Convention on Human Rights. Post #79859

Now you appear to be agreeing with me that the problem is the U.K. interpretation of European Court of Human Rights decisions, not the decisions themselves, or the Convention itself, which other countries seem to be able to interpret in such a way so as to allow them to break up demonstrations (quite forcibly sometimes). Hey, dialectic works! I suggest you delete that line from the original post, to avoid confusion.

I seem to remember that the police didn’t hold back so much when breaking up the protest of women on Clapham Common after the murder of Sarah Everard by a serving policeman. Perhaps they are all too busy trying to identify themselves in Baroness Casey’s depressing report on the Met to do much about green protesters at the moment.

It's a chain. The Convention set up the court, that decided the Lithuanian case, which was bizarre. Then we have lefty lawyers in the Supreme Court using that case to allow protestors to sit in a main road and stop traffic. Then we have police commissioners who are scared of the Supreme Court, taking a safe route and giving succour to the protestors.

So I don't blame the Convention directly. but courts and the UK police's interpretation of its provisions. Maybe the Convention isn't for us, because UK police abide by the law, unlike coppers on the Continent.
 
It's a chain. The Convention set up the court, that decided the Lithuanian case, which was bizarre. Then we have lefty lawyers in the Supreme Court using that case to allow protestors to sit in a main road and stop traffic. Then we have police commissioners who are scared of the Supreme Court, taking a safe route and giving succour to the protestors.

So I don't blame the Convention directly. but courts and the UK police's interpretation of its provisions. Maybe the Convention isn't for us, because UK police abide by the law, unlike coppers on the Continent.
I think we’ve done this one to death. Sometimes I think we must live in parallel universes, where things are similar but subtly different and disconnected. In one a lie is often pretty easy to spot, in the other it requires a judicial process to identify; in one accountability lies very close to home, in the other it is distant and driven by foreign institutions and interests.

Anyway, we move on.
 
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I would have thought "Behaviour likely to cause a breach of the peace" would cover all these protests. When you look at how the Met treat football supporters there is definitely a two tier approach to policing.

It also doesn't help having a Commissioner who is Khan's glove puppet...
 
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I think we’ve done this one to death. Sometimes I think we must live in parallel universes, where things are similar but subtly different and disconnected. In one a lie is often pretty easy to spot, in the other it requires a judicial process to identify; in one accountability lies very close to home, in the other it is distant and driven by foreign institutions and interests.

Anyway, we move on.

To establish a lie, it is not enough to show that an individual, politician or not, makes an incorrect statement. You have to show an intent to deceive. If you cannot show it, you create an actionable defamation by claiming it. That's the test.

I fully agree that the UK's difficulties withe the European Convention on HR are largely that our courts and police apply it to the letter and then some. I doubt Hungary loses any sleep over the ECHR.
 
Should we not go for the beyond reasonable doubt? You’d think it’s beyond reasonable doubt that Johnson is a bullshitting bastard.

People get life imprisonment with less evidence against them,