It's not a red (or yellow) card for complicated technical reasons that I don't really remember. Similar to why you can't be booked for being persistently offside...luckily for some players.
OK, then, if, say Jose Fonte passed the ball back to Forster without seeing an attacker lurking (could never happen I know ), and Forster dived on the ball... ?
That's a back pass. A deliberate pass to a GK to obtain an advantage is a back pass. However, it wouldn't be a back pass if in a general melee Fonte kicked the ball and it went in the direction of the goal. In the case of Fonte's mistake (feels dirty just saying it), it would be an indirect free kick if Forster dived on it before the opposition player did. May not be fair as you would expect a red card/penalty on one level. Of course it is entirely possible that the rules have all changed.
I see what you're saying, and I'm sure you're right, but the law just seems a bit inconsistent to me.
Well, you shouldn't be really. (that said I am all in favour of refs making rules up when players are being stupid)
It was Seria A.. I think. I'm sure there's something in the rules, not specifically, but related to repeat offences.
It's possible the booking was for arguing with the ref or time wasting. Getting caught off-side is mainly due to the off-side trap, and you can't book someone simply for being crap (as much as we would like it to be so)
It was in Italy, he was booked for time wasting yes, but this was because he was standing in front of the goal keeper and his team would hoof it upfield... After a while, the ref booked him.
Obviously don't know the game, but if he constantly stood by the GK so the ref had to keep giving offside, he could regard it as time wasting.